Digestive System Organ

Quiz results

Digestive T-shirt

Digestive Lab

Label 

Sugar Test After

Apricot +  Water + Benedict Solution

Cracker +  Water + Benedict Solution

Chip +  Water + Benedict Solution

Apple +  Water + Benedict Solution

Bread +  Water + Benedict Solution

Cheese +  Water + Benedict Solution

Apricot + Water

Chip + Water

Cheese + Water

Apple + Water

Bread + Water

Cracker + Water

Starch Test Before

Starch Test After

Oil Test After

Oil Test Before

Stomach Vary in the Animal Kingdom

Everybody knows that humans have only one stomach which is apart of the digestive system however, it is not the same for certain animals.  For example, cows, giraffes, deer, and countless more animals have stomachs with multiple compartments as a result they have four chambered stomachs which help them with their digestion.  While other animals such as seahorses have a different digestive root, the food goes straight from their esophagus to their intestines.  I choose this topic because until now I thought every animal had one stomach.  After reading this article, I wonder how animals similar to seahorses break down their food?

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Protein Lab

1.  A peptide bond is found in the primary structure between the amino acids.

2. The secondary structure forms because of polar peptide bonds between the amino acids.

3. The interaction between the different R groups which are basically amino acids create the tertiary structure.

4. Two or more polypeptides which are stuck together create the quaternary structure.  My protein shape looked differently than everybody else's proteins because everybody had different R groups therefore the interaction between their amino acids will cause the shapes to be different.

5. My protein would not have the same shape if I changed the primary structure because the interaction of the R groups would be different.

6. The highlighted parts represent the different R groups and this picture shows that the amino acid structure is not as straightforward as shown on our notes
  

This is the picture of my protein at the final stage.

Colon Cancer Surgery

After seeing countless pictures of the Colon Cancer surgery and numerous tweets which were tweeted during the operation, I was shocked to discover that the surgeons inserted a port which pumped carbon dioxide into the abdomen to create space because as well as a better view.  In my opinion the most amazing part of the surgery was when the team put laparascope (tiny videos) into the abdomen to create videos which helped learn more about the abdomen from the inside.  Some the parts that I learnt in class and I saw during the surgery was the colon.  The most interesting part was when I found out one of the tools used in this surgery which was called grasper, it was interesting because it allowed the surgeons to move as well as grasp the colon without
puncturing it.  Something new I learnt today that I did not know before was that the surgeons tattooed the tumor with ink to make it easier to find it.

Respiration Lab

This is a picture of two test tubes full of limewater.  A student will use a straw and breath into the left test tube while another student will areate the limewater in the right test tube.

The test tube which was areated did not change color because it stayed neutral however, there were some bubbles.  While the other test was not transpearnt anymore instead, the color became white as a result of contact with carbon dioxide from the student. 

Both small beakers are full of 25ml of distilled water however, one beaker will be areated using a pipette while a student will breathe into the water in the other beaker for five minutes.  After those five minutes one must add one drop of universal indactor to both beakers.

The beaker on the left came in contact with carbon dioxide and it changed color from white to yellow due to the universal indicator however, this proves that it has become more acidic in PH level.  While, the beaker on right was areated and it changed color from white to green which proves that it is still neutral 

Ankle Roll

An ankle roll can occur to anybody at anytime in the world, this injury does not have to happen during physical activities such as basketball, you could roll your ankle if you step on an uneven surface or step on an angle.  Ankle joints as wells as the bone are held together in place by ligaments which is an elastic structure like an rubber band that protects the ankle joints from twisting or rolling.  When a person rolls their ankle, their ligaments are stretched beyond their normal position as a result tearing the elastic fibers.  Also, when a person rolls their ankle and if the force was too great then they can completely tear their ligaments which may acquire the person to undergo surgery.  Some people believe they have rolled their ankles so they do not go to the doctor however there is always a chance that you could have a broken bone in the ankle or foot.  A broken bone can have similar symptoms of pain and swelling.  I choose this topic because I have a history of rolling ankles.

Severity	Physical Examination Findings	Impairment	Pathophysiology	Typical Treatment*
Grade 1	Minimal tenderness and swelling	Minimal	Microscopic tearing of collagen fibers	Weight bearing as tolerated No splinting/casting Isometric exercises Full range-of-motion and stretching/ strengthening exercises as tolerated
Grade 2	Moderated tenderness and swelling Decreased range of motion Possible instability	Moderated	Complete tears of some but not all collagen fibers in the ligament	Immobilization with air splint Physical therapy with range-of-motion and stretching/ strengthening exercises
Grade 3	Significant swelling and tenderness Instability	Severe	Complete tear/ rupture of ligament	Immobilization Physical therapy similar to that for grade 2 sprains but over a longer period Possible surgical reconstruction

Skeleton

Lung

1)                                                                2)
 

These two pictures represent how oxygen enters our lungs.  The straw in the picture represents the trachea while the green balloon on the bottom represents the diaphragm.   In picture one, everybody can see that when the diaphragm is pulled downward the orange balloon is full of air similarly in our body, the diaphragm must move down then the air will go through the trachea and into our lungs.  Also, as the diaphragm returns to it's original position, carbon dioxide will leave the body through the trachea.

25 Minute Run

In the 25 minute run I did 6 laps however, if I had the extra 5 minutes then I could have completed 7 laps.  I used the Nike-Run app to figure out that I ran 2.82 miles in 25 minutes.

Interesting Topic

As a kid I believed that if I swallowed an apple seed that a tree will grow inside of me and my lungs however as I grew older I realized that it is impossible for that to occur because that is what my elders told me.  Today I discovered that it is possible for a tree to grow inside of you if you swallow the seed and it goes through the wrong pipe.  The tree was found inside of Artyom Sidorkin's lungs who was 28 years old at the time and believed he had a serious tumor.  So, the surgeon decided they had to do an surgery to save Mr. Sidorkin's life and before they were about to do the surgery, the surgeons investigated the tissue where they discovered a fir tree.  The medical staff believed that Mr. Sidorkin must have inhaled a seed which sprouted into a fir tree.  The medical staff saved his life by taking out the tree which was touching the man's capillaries and causing severe pain.

Here is the link to the article:  http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/europe/russia/5152953/Surgeons-find-fir-tree-growing-inside-patients-lung.html

Fitness Testing Results

1.  Aerobic Fitness:  In our fitness testing, we did not test our endurance because we did not do any aerobic exercises.

2.  Anaerobic Glycosis:  The steps is an example of anaerobic glycosis because everybody in the class were going at a fast rate so we were only able to do the exercise for 2 minutes without slowing down.

3.  ATP CP System:  Sprints for a short distance which last 10 seconds is an example of ATP CP System because it doesn't last for a long time and you are not tired afterwards

4.  Flexibility: The back wall bridge is a good example of flexibility because it measures how flexible your upper body is.

5.  Power:  Constant pushups is an example of power because it tests if you are strong enough to be able to go down and push up at a constant speed.

6.  Agility:  The box drill is an example of agility because it allows you find out how long it takes to make each turn and how quick you can change directions.

My goal is to improve my agility which is the reason that I want to become quicker as well as faster and the box drill is a perfect way to measure how much quicker I become every day.  Some other drills to improve my agility are agility ladders drills such as 2 in 2 out shuffle, ankle hops, high knees through, lateral 2 in 2 out and there are more on this website: http://www.workoutz.com/category/speed_and_agility_exercises.  I did most of these drills during the summer and I can say confidently that these drills improved my agility because at the start of the summer it would take me time to finish them however, during the end of summer I became quicker at them.  Once I started to finish those drills more quickly, I realized that I became faster and more agile.

Interim Report

Hi Mom and Dad!
This is my interim report for the Human Kinetics Coop.

So far, the highlights for me have been: Being able to go on many field trips and trying new things which I haven't done before such as rock climbing 


I am the most proud of: Dissecting a heart

The most interesting things I have learned about are: How the human heart pumps blood to our entire body

An example of when I really pushed myself in SuperFit is: During the extended beep test 


I could make improvements in: Asking more questions in class

I am really looking forward to: Going to Extreme Air Park

The Basics - WORK HABITS:

Attendance (classes missed and why) - I missed 1 class because I had to go to the hospital 

Participation in field trips (woo kim, grouse grind, rock climbing) - I participated in rock climbing but not in any of the other field trips because I was injured.

Lates (how many & reasons) - 0 Lates 

Preparedness for class (gym strip &/or supplies) - I am always prepared for class, I have all my supplies and gym strip.

Class time management (are you using your class time to complete your work?  engaged in class discussion? participating? following along? doing your best? or talking too much? ) - I always use my class time to complete my work and I am always engaged in class discussion by answering questions, trying my best also, I am constantly following along.

Blog assignment completion - (out of 8 assignments) Comments? I have completed all my blog assignment 

Self evaluation of work habits for each class in coop - G
Biology 12: G
Exercise Science 12: G
Super Fit 12: G

Blood Flow From Heart To Brain

Here is the link to my video of Gurkirat, Nabeel and I showing the blood flow from the heart to the brain: http://youtu.be/4QzIgRwR9A4 

Grouse Grind

I did not participate in the Grouse Grind however, I did participate in the beep test so I can describe the physiological response of my body during that exercise.  First of all, for this exercise I stopped at level 13-5 and found out my heart rate couple minutes after I had stopped which was around 150 beats per minute.  Also, I was not breathing heavily after the beep test so I could have pushed myself a little bit more because I was still able to talk to my friends with ease.  Afterward, my legs were hurting from running back and forth as fast as I could  in the exercise so I could touch the line before I heard the beep.  Moreover, I read online that a human being's heat production may exceed 1000 W during an exercise where one uses or requires great exertion such as the beep test.  Also, I was feeling very hot as well as sweaty because during the exercise because my metabolic rate was increasing therefore, my heat production was increasing at the same time.  After I had reached level 13-5 I did not want to continue running because I was mentally weak although, I was not physically weak.  Once I reached that level, I could have kept running and maybe reached level 14 however, I kept telling myself to stop by telling myself excuses.  Out of the 3 energy systems I was using the aerobic as well as the anaerobic system during the beep test.  At the beginning of this exercise I was using the aerobic system because my muscles had enough oxygen to produce all the energy they needed also, my heart rate was sustained, and fat was burning during the beep test.

VO2 Max

My VO2 Max is 58.6 which is good for my age group however it is not excellent because it is not over 60.  I found out my VO2 Max by using the beep test score calculator online which takes a person's age as well as their beep test score and then, gives them their VO2 Max.  Even though I am 16 years old, I had to write 18 as my age because the calculator does not accept an age younger than 18 and for my beep test score I wrote 13-5.

Heart Dissection

Internal Anatmoy Observations 

Both the right as well left ventricles had thick walls however, the left ventricle had thicker walls than the right ventricle because it has to pump blood to the whole body while the right ventricle has to pump blood to the lungs so the blood becomes oxygenated.  However, the right ventricle is bigger than the left ventricle and the color for both the ventricles were red also, the the left as well right atrium were red. The chordae tendinae look like strings that are attached to the heart walls near the tricuspid as well the mitral valve.  The tricuspid, aortic, and pulmonary valve have 3 leaflets while the mitral valve only has 2 leaflets.

Internal Anatmoy  Questions 

1. The most surprising thing about dissecting the heart was that how much more thicker  the left atrium was compared to the right atrium because until the point of dissecting the heart, I thought that there was no difference then I realized that left atrium should be bigger than the right atrium because there is more pressure created in the left than the right.
2. Atria and ventricles are different for countless reasons such as the ventricles are much larger, have thicker walls, and rougher to touch than the atria.  Also, the left as well right atrium pump blood to the ventricles while the left ventricle pumps oxygenated blood to the entire body and the right ventricle pumps deoxygenated blood to the lungs.
3. The left ventricle is more muscular than the right ventricle because it has to pump oxygenated blood to the entire body while the right ventricle has to pump deoxygenated blood to the lungs.
4. There are four heart valves in the human heart which are known as the tricuspid valve, pulmonary valve, mitral valve and aortic valve.  These four valves may be in different locations of the heart however, their functions are similar.  The tricuspid valve closes to keep the deoxygenated blood coming back from the body in the right atrium then, opens to send it to the right ventricle.  The pulmonary valve closes to keep the deoxygenated blood in the right ventricle afterwards, it opens to send deoxygenated blood through the pulmonary artery and to the lungs.  The mitral valve closes to keep the oxygenated blood in the left atrium which is coming from the lungs and opens to send oxygenated blood to the left ventricle.  Finally the aortic valve opens to send oxygenated blood through the aorta to the entire body however, it closes to keep the oxygenated blood in the left ventricle

Weight Room

Biking : 20 minutes
Stretches
Bicep Curls  3 sets, 10 reps
Shoulder Press 3 sets, 10 reps
Cross ramp: Not for too long though

Heart Anatomy

STRUCTURE	FUNCTION	DEOXY/OXY BLOOD
LEFT ATRIUM	Collects oxygen-rich blood coming from  the lungs.  Then sends it to Left Ventricle	Oxy
LEFT VENTRICLE	Sends the blood aortic value and throughout the body	Oxy
RIGHT ATRIUM	Collects oxygen-poor blood coming back from the body and into the right ventricle	Deoxy
RIGHT VENTRICLE	Collects oxygen-poor blood from the right atrium and sends it through the pulmonary valve to the lungs	Deoxy
PULMONARY ARTERY	Carries blood from the hurt to the lungs to collect oxygen	Deoxy
AORTA	Carries oxygen-rich blood from the heart to the rest of the body	Oxy
PULMONARY VEINS	Carries oxygen-rich blood from the lungs back to the body	Oxy
SUPERIOR VENA CAVA	Oxygen-poor blood from the upper body returns to the heart	Deoxy
INFERIOR VENA CAVA	Oxygen-poor blood from the lower part of the body returns to the heart through here	Deoxy
ATRIOVENTRICULAR VALVES (Mitral & Tricuspid)	Carries blood from the atrium to the ventricle	Both
CHORDAE TENDINAE	Makes sure that the valves are shut so the blood keeps going forward and not backward	Neither
SEMI LUNAR VALVES (Pulmonary & Aortic)	Controls blood flow from right ventricle into pulmonary arteries and left ventricle to the aorta	Both
SEPTUM	Separates the right/left atrium and the right/left ventricle	Neither

All About Me

            I want to become a physiotherapist when I am older so I thought it would be a good idea to take this class because I thought I would learn a little about physiotherapy.  Next year I plan to go to SFU to get my kinesiology degree which will take 4 years then go to UBC to do physiotherapy which will take a year or two.  Outside of school I like to play basketball with my friends or even alone so I can practice to get better.  At home I do not watch a lot of TV because I am busy with my studies, basketball, helping my parents as well my little brother and little sister.  Also, in the summer I did basketball camps throughout the whole summer and I was training outside of school for the school basketball season.  I trained by getting into shape such as going for runs, working out, agility drills and more.  My fitness goal for the semester is to get over 12 on the beep test which is my best score as well improve my vertical jump.  There are many important things in my life such as my family, my studies as well basketball and all these things define me as a person.

Final Post

The main concept I learnt in biology 11 was that the fit organisms in a population will survive by outcompeting the others so they will reproduce and they will pass on their genes.  Therefore, the next generation will consist of stronger organisms and this will continue.  This process was known as Natural Selection.  Charles Darwin came up with this theory when he studied finches of the Galapagos Island.  Change occurs everywhere, even in organisms such as bacteria where it is too hard for us to see with the naked eye. 

In Biology 11 I would have tried to study more for some quizzes.  I had studied a lot for those quizzes already but never got the mark I wanted.  Also, I would have studied more for the microbiology test because I think I could have done better on it.  I would have asked more questions, I didn’t ask that many questions this year.

The most interesting parts of biology 11 were all the dissections we did in groups such as the squid, flower, annelid, frog, sponge.  In my opinion dissection was one of the most interesting parts in Biology 11 because it gave me a chance to try something new also, I got to see as well really understand the different organs each organism had and why they need it in order to survive.  Another interesting part of biology 11 was when we went on the aquarium and I got to see the variety of animals.  When I went to the aquarium before I knew anything about the animals but when I went this year with my class I knew a lot about the organisms such as their circulatory system, how they breathed, excreted

Aquarium Field Trip

This is a picture of a jellyfish from the aquarium.  The phylum is Cnidaria and the subphylum is Medusozoa.  Distinguishing character that jellyfishes have which are similar to others in it class are that they have radial symmetry, they are open bag, soft bodied with tentacles